Nucleotides
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These have several functions in the cell.
- Form DNA and RNA.
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Carriers of chemical energy: -
o
Nucleotides with one, two or three phosphate
groups are called monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate.
o
NTPs (nucleotide triphosphate) are sources of
energy in any biochemical reaction.
o
ATP is widely used but other NTPs are used in
specific reactions.
o
Hydrolysis of NTPs releases energy.
-
Enzyme cofactors: -
o
Many enzyme cofactors and coenzymes contain
adenosine as part of their structure.
o
Removal of adenosine from the cofactors
decreases their activity.
o
Example: - acetyl Co-A.
-
Chemical messenger: -
o
Hormones and chemical signalling agents are
called messengers.
o
These messengers induce secondary messengers
inside the cells which are generally nucleotides.
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